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KMID : 1036820150200040536
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Communication Sciences & Disorders
2015 Volume.20 No. 4 p.536 ~ p.546
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Prediction of Reading Comprehension in Early and Late Elementary Grades: Contribution of Word Decoding, Vocabulary and Syntactic Knowledge
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Yoon Hyo-Jin
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Abstract
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Objectives: Little is known about the prediction of reading comprehension for early and later elementary grades in Korea. The purpose of this study is to explore the relative contribution of word decoding and language skills to reading comprehension across grades. Specifically, this study examined whether vocabulary and syntactic knowledge might differentially affect reading comprehension across grades.
Methods: One hundred six children in grades 1 to 3 and 68 children in grades 4 to 6 participated in this study. All of the children scored 70 or higher on the nonverbal intelligence test. All participants were tested to evaluate reading comprehension, word decoding, receptive vocabulary, syntactic skills, phonological awareness and rapid naming. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to determine which variables of word decoding and language would contribute to reading comprehension.
Results: In the early elementary grades, word decoding, receptive vocabulary, and rapid naming accounted for unique variances in reading comprehension. In the later elementary grades, however, syntactic skills, phonological awareness, and rapid naming were main the differentiating factors in reading comprehension levels.
Conclusion: The results of this study were consistent with previous studies which have indicated that word decoding is a stronger predictor of reading comprehension in early elementary grades while language skills are a more important predictor of reading comprehension in late elementary grades. Further studies should be carried out to explore the use of word decoding speed as well as word decoding accuracy to measure their respective contribution to reading comprehension in transparent orthography.
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KEYWORD
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School-aged children, Reading comprehension, Prediction, Word decoding, Vocabulary, Syntax
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